Hail: For centuries, historic Darb Zubaydah stood as one of the Arabian Peninsula's most prominent routes for Hajj pilgrims from Iraq and beyond on their journey to Makkah. The route passed through Hail Region, where more than 40% of the historic road stretches across the area.
According to Saudi Press Agency, Darb Zubaydah was named after Zubaydah bint Jaafar, wife of Abbasid Caliph Harun Al-Rashid, who became known for efforts to improve Hajj routes and provide services for pilgrims. Her contributions included the construction of ponds, wells, dams, rest stations, mosques, postal centers, and stopping points along the route. Landmarks were also placed to guide pilgrims and help meet their needs as they crossed the desert toward the holy city.
Today, the Makkah Route Initiative reflects Saudi Arabia's commitment to serving pilgrims through a comprehensive system designed to ensure comfort and reassurance. The initiative represents a continuation of the care that shaped historic Hajj routes over centuries. While ponds, wells, and rest stations once supported pilgrims along Darb Zubaydah, the Kingdom now uses the latest technology alongside advanced logistical, organizational, and healthcare services to serve millions of pilgrims from the moment they register in their home countries until they return safely. The initiative continues a deeply rooted legacy that has made serving pilgrims a responsibility the country has upheld for generations.
Hail has long been historically linked to the Hajj season due to its location along Darb Zubaydah, which passes through several key heritage sites in the area. Among the most notable sites is the historic city of Fayd, regarded as the capital of the route, along with Al-Ajfar, Sumaira, Al-Baaith, and Al-Khuzaymiyah. These locations served as major stations for receiving pilgrims and providing water and supplies. They also hosted buildings, markets, and services connected to caravan and Hajj movement.
The area historically welcomed large numbers of pilgrims arriving annually from Iraq and neighboring regions, contributing to the growth of economic, commercial, and cultural activity in villages and stops along the route. Today, remnants of Darb Zubaydah across the region stand as a testament to the depth of Islamic heritage, including remains of ponds, wells, and historical structures reflecting centuries of care for pilgrims and efforts to ease their journey to the holy lands.
To bolster this heritage, Hail Principality has made significant efforts to develop Darb Zubaydah into a destination for hiking and nature tourism. The principality supported 10 caravan journeys organized by the Caravan Trails Association, bringing together hundreds of participants from more than 18 countries, including Saudi Arabia. These efforts helped position Darb Zubaydah as a global route for hiking and nature enthusiasts.